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Home»Articles»A Study on Optimal Design Feasibility of Microgrid Power System for Rural Electrification: Amhara Region in Ethiopia

A Study on Optimal Design Feasibility of Microgrid Power System for Rural Electrification: Amhara Region in Ethiopia

Author : Ahunim Abebe, A. Pushparaghavan and Edmealem Gedefaye
Volume 7 No.2 July-December 2018 pp 115-119

Abstract

Power system is an essential energy domain in recent years which helps to converts non-electrical energy resources, such as hydraulic, thermal, solar, wind and other natural resources to electrical energy. It conveys the generated power to the consumers via transmission and distribution networks. The conventional power system has many problems, which are significant power loss at the transmission and distribution networks, poor power quality and reliability, and ultimately it is not an environmental friendly. These problems are resolved by using a microgrid which will provide electricity to the consumer economically with improved power quality, reliability, and minimum loss by integrating and optimizing different renewable energy sources. The main objective of this research study is to enable the optimal power provision and feasibility to design a microgrid. Based on this objective of Micro grid power system, the study has extended to deliver electricity to satisfy the location of Ethiopia, Bahir Dar Town, specifically the rural electrification as a model for the interior village Abay Mado-Gedro kebele primary school, health post and local communities demand by enhancing the power quality, reliability and minimum transmission / distribution line losses. The microgrid consists of solar, wind and battery storage sources. It is designed to operate in stand-alone mode of operation. Optimum designing and sizing of different components of the microgrid is taken as major contributions of this research work to the study for the Village Gedro as a rural electrification model. Hence it is observed through the analysis and design using HOMER Optimization tool, the total power consumptions for the site of optimal power is 25 kWh / day and 6 kW peak with the consideration of various environmental parameters like solar radiation, temperature and wind speed. Based on the optimal power energy consumption resulted out that the required various power resources are 7 kW Photo-Voltaic (PV), 3 kW Wind turbine, 104 kWh storage battery and 6 kW converter with the total investment cost $ 75993.

Keywords

Microgrid, Hybrid, Optimum, Stand-Alone

Full Text:

References

[1] Muktar R. Patel, “Wind and Solar Power System; Design, Analysis and Operation,” Taylor & Francis Group, 2nd ed. 2006.
[2] Alireza Khalign Omer C. Onar, “Energy Harvesting; Solar, Wind and Ocean Energy Conversion Systems,” Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.
[3] Dahmani Aissa, Rachid Abdessemed, “Study of Applying a Hybrid Standalone Wind Photovoltaic Generation System”, Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2015.
[4] Getachew Bekele, Getnet Tadesse, “Feasibility Study of Small Hydro/PV/Wind Hybrid System for Off-Grid Rural Electrification in Ethiopia”, Applied Energy, ELSVIER, Vol. 97, pp.5-15, 2012.
[5] Hocin Belmili, et al., “Sizing Stand-Alone Photovoltaic-Wind Hybrid System; Techno-Economic Analysis and Optimization”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, Vol. 30, pp. 821-832, 2014.
[6] N. Phuanpornpitak and S. Kumar, “PV Hybrid Systems for Rural Electrification in Thailand”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, ELSEVIER, Vol. 11, pp. 1530-1543, 2007.
[7] Rohit Sen and Subhes C. Bhattacharyya, “Off-Grid Electricity Generation with Renewable Energy Technologies in India: An Application of HOMER,” Renewable Energy, Elsevier, Vol. 62, pp. 388-398, 2014.
[8] Subha Upadhyay and M.P. Sharma, “A Review on Configuration, Control and Sizing Methodologies of Hybrid Energy Systems”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review, Elsevier, Vol. 38, pp. 47-63, 2014.
[9] NASA Surface Metrology and Solar Energy, 2017. Retrieved from http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/sse/retscreen.cgi?.
[10] Solar Panel Price: Retrieved from http://www.solarpanelprices.org.
[11] All Small Wind Turbines Website. Retrieved from http: www.allsmallwindturbines.com/.
[12] HOMER, the Optimization Model for Distributed Power: Retrieved from http://www.nrel.gov/homer.
[13] Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO), Retrieved from http://www.energy-ethiopia.org.
[14] S. Mandelli et al. “Off-grid systems for rural electrification in developing countries: Definitions, classification and comprehensive literature review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review, Elsevier, Vol. 58, pp. 1621-1646, 2016.
[15] Saheb-Koussa et al. “Economic and technical study of a hybrid system (wind-photovoltaic-diesel) for rural electrification in Algeria” Applied Energy, ELSEVIER, Vol. 86, pp. 1024-1030, 2009.
[16] Henry Louie, “Operational analysis of hybrid solar/wind microgrids using measured data”, Energy for Sustainable Development, 31, pp. 108-117, 2016
[17] EE. Gaona et al. “Rural microgrids and its potential application in Colombia”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review, Vol. 51, pp. 125-137, 2015.

Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences (AJES) is a quarterly international peer-reviewed journal of Electrical Sciences. One of the objectives of this journal is to disseminate knowledge on various research issues connected with the topics include, but are not limited to:

Telecommunications – transmission of information, coax cable, optical fiber or free space, amplitude modulation and frequency modulation, transmitters and receivers, transceiver.
Instrumentation – pressure, flow and temperature, electromagnetic theory, thermocouples, sensors of larger electrical systems, control engineering.
Computers – Computers and computer systems, hardware, software, software engineering.

Power engineering – generation, transmission and distribution of electricity, transformers, electric generators, electric motors, high voltage engineering and power electronics.
Control engineering – dynamic systems, design of controllers, electrical circuits, digital signal processors, microcontrollers and PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), industrial automation. Electronic Engineering -Electronic circuits, resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes and transistors, radio engineering, radar, television, audio systems, computers and microprocessors.
Microelectronics – Electronic circuit, integrated circuit, semiconductor transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, Nanoelectronics.

Signal processing – signals, analog, digital, telecommunications, Digital Signal Processing, SDTV | HDTV sets, radios and mobile communication devices, Hi-Fi audio equipments, Dolby noise reduction algorithms, GSM mobile phones, mp3 multimedia players, camcorders and digital cameras, automobile control systems, noise cancelling headphones, digital spectrum analyzers, intelligent missile guidance, radar, GPS based cruise control systems, image processing, video processing, audio processing and speech processing systems.

Power system is an essential energy domain in recent years which helps to converts non-electrical energy resources, such as hydraulic, thermal, solar, wind and other natural resources to electrical energy. It conveys the generated power to the consumers via transmission and distribution networks. The conventional power system has many problems, which are significant power loss at the transmission and distribution networks, poor power quality and reliability, and ultimately it is not an environmental friendly. These problems are resolved by using a microgrid which will provide electricity to the consumer economically with improved power quality, reliability, and minimum loss by integrating and optimizing different renewable energy sources. The main objective of this research study is to enable the optimal power provision and feasibility to design a microgrid. Based on this objective of Micro grid power system, the study has extended to deliver electricity to satisfy the location of Ethiopia, Bahir Dar Town, specifically the rural electrification as a model for the interior village Abay Mado-Gedro kebele primary school, health post and local communities demand by enhancing the power quality, reliability and minimum transmission / distribution line losses. The microgrid consists of solar, wind and battery storage sources. It is designed to operate in stand-alone mode of operation. Optimum designing and sizing of different components of the microgrid is taken as major contributions of this research work to the study for the Village Gedro as a rural electrification model. Hence it is observed through the analysis and design using HOMER Optimization tool, the total power consumptions for the site of optimal power is 25 kWh / day and 6 kW peak with the consideration of various environmental parameters like solar radiation, temperature and wind speed. Based on the optimal power energy consumption resulted out that the required various power resources are 7 kW Photo-Voltaic (PV), 3 kW Wind turbine, 104 kWh storage battery and 6 kW converter with the total investment cost $ 75993.

Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Koray Ulgen
Department of energy engineering, Ege University, Turkey
[email protected]
Editorial Advisory Board
Dr. Rasyidah Binti Mohamad Idris
Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Norhaliza Abdul Wahab
Department of Control & Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Prof. Md Irfan Ahmed
Department of Electrical Engineering, Career Point University, Rajasthan, India
[email protected]
Dr. Sallehuddin Bin Ibrahim
Department of Control And Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Naziha bt. Ahmad Azli
Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Sharul Kamal Bin Abdul Rahim
Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Jasrul Jamani Bin Jamian
Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. T. Rajesh
Department of EEE, INFO Institute of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
[email protected]
Dr. Mohamad Kamal B. A. Rahim
Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Sophan Wahyudi Bin Nawawi
Department of Control and Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Nor Hisham Haji Khamis
Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Cheng Siong Lim
Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Sharifah Kamilah Bt Syed Yusof
Department of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Shahdan Sudin
Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Razali Bin Ngah
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]

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    Editorial Note

    Editorial Dr. Koray Ulgen

    Editor-in-Chief
    Dr. Koray Ulgen
    Department of energy engineering, Ege University, Turkey
    [email protected]
    Editorial Advisory Board
    Dr. Rasyidah Binti Mohamad Idris
    Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Norhaliza Abdul Wahab
    Department of Control & Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Prof. Md Irfan Ahmed
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Career Point University, Rajasthan, India
    [email protected]
    Dr. Sallehuddin Bin Ibrahim
    Department of Control And Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Naziha bt. Ahmad Azli
    Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Sharul Kamal Bin Abdul Rahim
    Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Jasrul Jamani Bin Jamian
    Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. T. Rajesh
    Department of EEE, INFO Institute of Engineering, Coimbatore, India
    [email protected]
    Dr. Mohamad Kamal B. A. Rahim
    Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Sophan Wahyudi Bin Nawawi
    Department of Control and Mechatronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    e-so[email protected]
    Dr. Nor Hisham Haji Khamis
    Department of Communication Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Cheng Siong Lim
    Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Sharifah Kamilah Bt Syed Yusof
    Department of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Shahdan Sudin
    Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Razali Bin Ngah
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]

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