Alpha Amylase, Alpha Glucosidase Inhibition and Profiling of Volatile Compounds of Biologically Active Extracts from Momordica cymbalaria (Hook, Fenzl) Skin and Seeds
Author : E. Abbirami, L. Dinesh Kumar, R. Guna, N. Gayathri and T. SivasudhaVolume 8 No.1 January-March 2019 pp 67-73
Abstract
Momordica cymbalaria (Hook, Fenzl) has been used in traditional medicine for diabetes in India. This study was designed to examine, total phenolic, total flavonoid contents and in vitro anti-oxidant activity by using seven different types of solvent extracts. The biologically active extracts, ethanol extract of fruit skin (EESK) and methanol extract of seed (MESE) were evaluated for in vitro anti-diabetic activity followed by detection of bioactive metabolites by GC-MS analysis. EESK and MESE exhibited IC50 values of 185.1 μg/ml against α – amylase and 224.4 μg/ml against α – glucosidase, respectively. GC-MS profiling of skin and seed portion of the vegetable revealed the presence of 40 compounds from EESK and 29 compounds from MESE. Thus, this study reveals that EESK and MESE exhibited in vitro anti-diabetic activity and GC-MC profiling confirms the presence of anti-diabetic phytocompounds such as L-Cysteine and cis- Vaccenic acid.
Keywords
Momordica cymbalaria, Anti-Oxidant Activity, In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Activity, GC-MS
Full Text:
References
[1] O. M. Ighodaro and O. A. Akinloye, “First line defence antioxidants- superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid”, Alexandria Med J., Vol. 54, No.4, pp. 287-293, 2018.
[2] E. Stelmach, P. Pohl, and A. Szymczycha-Madeja, “The content of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg and Mn and antioxidant activity of green coffee brews”, Food Chem.,182, pp. 302-308, 2015.
[3] Camilo Lopez-Alarcona and Ana Denicolab, “Evaluating the antioxidant capacity of natural products: A review on chemical and cellular-based assays”, AnalyticaChimicaActa., Vol. 763, pp.1– 10, 2013.
[4] V. Sanguigni, M. Manco, R. Sorge, L. Gnessi, and D. Francomano, “Natural antioxidant ice cream acutely reduces oxidative stress and improves vascular function and physical performance in healthy individuals”, Nutrition., Vol. 33, pp. 225-233, 2017.
[5] MarcioCarochoa, Patricia Moralesb, and Isabel C.F.R. Ferreiraa., “Review Antioxidants: Reviewing the chemistry, food applications, legislation and role as preservatives”, Trends FoodSci Tech., Vol.71, pp.107–120, 2018.
[6] S. Rajesh and Z. V. P. Murthy, “Synthesis, characterization and application of antioxidants nanoparticles incorporated polymeric membranes”, Sep Sci Technol., pp. 1-11, 2018.
[7] R. Jeyadevi, T. Sivasudha, A. Rameshkumar, B. Sangeetha, D. Arul Ananth, and G. Smilin Bell Aseervatham, “ Nutritional constituents and medicinal values of Momordicacymbalaria (Athalakkai) – A review”, Asian Pac J Trop Biomed., pp. S456-S461, 2012.
[8] G. Oboh, A.O. Ademiluyi, A.J. Akinyemi, T.H. Henle, J.A. Saliu, and U. Schwarzenbolz, “Inhibitory effect of polyphenol rich extracts of jute leaf (Corchorusolitorius) on key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension(angiotensin I converting) in vitro”, J Funct Foods., Vol. 4, pp. 450 – 458, 2012.
[9] M. Modak, P. Dixit, J. Londhe, S. Ghaskadbi, and T.P.A. Devasagayam, “Indian herbs and herbal drugs used for the treatment of diabetes”, J ClinBiochemNutr., Vol. 40, pp. 163–173, 2007.
[10] T. Fujisawa, H. Ikegami, K. Inoue, Y. Kawabata, and T. Ogihara, “Effect of two alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, voglibose and acarbose, on postprandial hyperglycemia correlates with subjective abdominal symptoms”, Metabolism., Vol. 54, pp. 387–390, 2002.
[11] V. L. Singleton, J. A. Rossi, “Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolibdicephosphotungtic acid reagents”, Am J EnolVitic., Vol. 16, pp. 144-158, 1965.
[12] A. A. L. Ordonez, J. D. Gomez, M. A. Vattuone, and M. I. Isla, “Antioxidant activities of sedule(Jacq.) Swart extracts”, Food Chem., Vol. 97, pp. 452-58, 2006.
[13] C.M. Liyana-Pathiranan and F. Shahidi, “Antioxidant activity of commercial soft and hard wheat (Triticumaestivum L) as affected by gastric pH conditions”, J Agric Food Chem., Vol. 53, pp. 2433–2440, 2005.
[14] R. Re, N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang and C. Rice-Evans, “Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cationdecolorization assay”, Free RadicBiol Med., Vol. 26, pp. 1231-37, 1999.
[15] D. C. Garrat, The quantitative analysis of drugs. 3rd ed., Chapman and. Hall Ltd: Japan, Vol. 3, pp. 456-458 ,1964
[16] M. Oyaizu, “Studies on products of browning reaction prepared from glucoseamine”, Jap J Nutr., Vol. 44, pp. 307-14, 1986.
[17] A. O. Ademiluyi and G. Oboh, “Soybean phenolic-rich extracts inhibit key-enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension (angiotensin I converting enzyme) in vitro”, Exp Toxicol Pathol., Vol. 65, No. 3, pp. 305-9, 2013.
[18] T. Chipiti, M.A. Ibrahim, M. Singh, and M.S. Islam, “In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of extracts from Cissuscornifolia planch parts” PharmacognMag., Vol. 13, pp. S329, 2017. -glucosi
[19] L. J. Shai, S.R. Magano, S.L. Labelo, and A.M. Mogale, “Inhibitory effects of five medicinal plants on rat alpha- glucosidase: Comparison with their effects on yeast alpha- glucosidase”, J Med Plants Res., Vol. 5, No.13, pp.2836- 2867, 2011. amylase
[20] Z. Derakhshan, M. Ferrante, M. Tadi, F. Ansari, A. Heydari, M.S. Hosseini, G.O. Conti, and E.K. Sadrabad, “Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethanolic extract of pomegranate peels, juice and seeds”, Food Chem Toxicol., Vol. 114, pp. 108-111, 2018.
[21] S. Kumar, S. Narwal, V. Kumar, and O. Prakash, “α-glucosidase inhibitors from plants: A natural approach to treat diabetes”. Phcog Rev. Vol.5, No.9, pp.19-29, 2011.result tpc
[22] N. L. Weir, L. Johnson, W. Guan, B. Stefeen, L. Djousse, K.J. Mukamal, and M.Y. Tsai, “Cis-Vaccenic Acid Is Associated with Lower HOMA-IR and Incident T2D in Participants from the MESA Cohort”, Diabetes., Vol. 67, No. 1, 2018.
[23] S. K. Jain, “L-cysteine supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for type-2 diabetes”, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. Vol. 90, No. 8, pp. 1061- 4, 2012.
[24] D. Nguyen, J. W. Hsu, F. Jahoor, and R. V. Sekhar, “Effect of increasing glutathione with cysteine and glycine supplementation on mitochondrial fuel oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and body composition in older HIV-infected patients”, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Vol. 99 No. 1, pp. 169-77.