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Home»Articles»Demography of Jammu and Kashmir in Historical Perspective

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Asian Review of Social Sciences (ARSS)

Editor Dr. Lakshmi Narayanan
Print ISSN : 2249 – 6319
Frequency : Quarterly

Demography of Jammu and Kashmir in Historical Perspective

Author : Bilal Ahmad Khan
Volume 7 No.3 October-December 2018 pp 143-153

Abstract

At the time of the birth of India and Pakistan, the state of J&K with a population of four million people, most of it concentrated in the fertile valley of the Jhelum River of the Indus River system, was one of the least developed regions in the Indian sub-continent. The economy of the state was overwhelmingly rural and agricultural in character. Nearly 90 percent of people lived in villages and derived their livelihood from agricultural and related pursuits using traditional and low productivity techniques. The extreme backwardness of the state was reflected by the abysmal mass poverty, low literacy, high birth and death rate, low life expectancy, low population density etc. The size of population and its growth have a direct bearing on the economic development, social well being and political stability of a region. The history of population growth in the Jammu and Kashmir State is a record of constant impulses of immigration from the north-west, west-south and east directions. The main objective of the paper is to look the nature and trends of population change since the birth of Jammu and Kashmir and also examine thedemographic trends in view of historical perspectives of Jammu & Kashmir State. The State has great diversity in its terrain, climatic conditions and resource base which resulted uneven distribution of population.

Keywords

Poverty, Birth and Death Rate, Life Expectancy, Population Density, Immigration and Uneven distribution

Full Text:

References

[1] Kalhana (1148 A.D), “Rajtarangani”- A History of Kashmir
[2] Tim Dyson (1988), “The Cause of Demographic Change”, Experiment Research in South India, Madison: University of Wisconsin Press
[3] Tim Dyson (1988), “India’s Demographic Transition and its Consequences for Development”, Indian Economy Edited by Uma Kapila, 40th Edition 2013-14, Academic Foundation, New Delhi
[4] Victoria Schofield (2001), “Kashmir in Crossfire”, London: B Taurus Publishers
[5] Satyaki Roy (2008), “Structural Change in Employment in India Since 1980s”, ISID VasantKunj, New Delhi
[6] Darpun P. (2016-17), “Indian Economy”
[7] Rahman M. (1996), “Divided Kashmir: Old Problems, New Opportunities for India, Pakistan, and the Kashmiri People”, Boulder: Lynne Rienner
[8] ShahidBurki (2007), “Kashmir: A Problem in Search of a Solution”, Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace, 2007, p. 15.
[9] Census of India 1921, Jammu and Kashmir, Part I, Vol. XXII, Lahore, 1923, pp. 161-2.
[10] Census of India 1941, Jammu and Kashmir, Parts I and II, Vol. XXII, Jammu, 1943, p. 7.
[11] Land Committee Report, J&K Govt., 1951-52
[12] Census of India 1971, Vol. I, India Part II A, Union Primary Census Abstract.
[13] Census of India, 1981 (Series 8, Jammu & Kashmir), Registrar General of India
[14] Census of India 2001, Series 2, Jammu & Kashmir Provisional Population Totals, Paper – 1.
[15] Census of India 2011, Jammu & Kashmir, Series -02, Part XII-B, Primary Census Abstract.
[16] 2th Economic Census (1980), Ministry of Planning &Programme Implementation (Department of Statistics), Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi.
[17] 3th Economic Census (1990), MOPPI, (Department of Statistics), CSO, New Delhi.
[18] 4th Economic Census (1998), Ministry of Statistics &Programme Implementation (Department of Statistics), Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi.
[19] 5th Economic Census (2005), MOSPI (Department of Statistics), CSO, New Delhi.
[20] 6th Economic Census (2013), MOSPI (Department of Statistics), CSO, New Delhi.
[21] NSS 32nd Round (1972), National Sample Survey, Conducted by NNS Organisation. However, in 1972, NSS replaced to NSSO under Ministry of Planning &Programme Implementation (Department of Statistics), Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi.
[22] NSSO 50th Round (July 1993- June 1994), Employment & Unemployment Survey, Ministry of Statistics &Programme Implementation (MOSPI), Department of Statistics, Central Statistical Organization, New Delhi.
[23] NSSO 54th Round (January 1998- June 1998), Employment & Unemployment Survey, MOSPI (Department of Statistics), CSO, New Delhi.
[24] Statistical Abstract of India, 1999, MOSPI, CSO, New Delhi, New Delhi.
[25] NSSO 68th Round (July 2011- June 2012), Domestic Tourism, MOSPI (Department of Statistics), New Delhi.
[26] NSSO 71st Round ((January-June 2014), Social Consumption: Education, MOSPI (Dept of Statistics), New Delhi.
[27] Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of J & K, 1980-81
[28] Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of J & K, 1995-96
[29] Directorate of Economic and statistics, Government of J&K, 2001-01
[30] Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of J & K, 2006-07
[31] Directorate of Statistics and Economics, Govt. Jammu & Kashmir 2011-12.
[32] Annual Report 1997-1998, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
[33] Annual Report 1999-2000, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
[34] Annual Report 2008-2009, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
[35] Annual Report 2013-2014, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
[36] JK Economic Survey, Directorate of Statistics and Economics, Government Jammu & Kashmir 2013-14.
[37] JK Economic Survey, Directorate of Statistics and Economics, Government of Jammu & Kashmir, 2016-17.

Asian Review of Social Sciences (ARSS) is a quarterly international peer-reviewed journal of Social Sciences. One of the objectives of this journal is to disseminate knowledge on various research issues connected with the topics include, but are not limited to:

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Linguistics
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At the time of the birth of India and Pakistan, the state of J&K with a population of four million people, most of it concentrated in the fertile valley of the Jhelum River of the Indus River system, was one of the least developed regions in the Indian sub-continent. The economy of the state was overwhelmingly rural and agricultural in character. Nearly 90 percent of people lived in villages and derived their livelihood from agricultural and related pursuits using traditional and low productivity techniques. The extreme backwardness of the state was reflected by the abysmal mass poverty, low literacy, high birth and death rate, low life expectancy, low population density etc. The size of population and its growth have a direct bearing on the economic development, social well being and political stability of a region. The history of population growth in the Jammu and Kashmir State is a record of constant impulses of immigration from the north-west, west-south and east directions. The main objective of the paper is to look the nature and trends of population change since the birth of Jammu and Kashmir and also examine thedemographic trends in view of historical perspectives of Jammu & Kashmir State. The State has great diversity in its terrain, climatic conditions and resource base which resulted uneven distribution of population.

Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Lakshmi Narayanan
Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Oman
[email protected]
Editorial Advisory Board
Dr. Mashitah Binti Hamidi
Department of Social Administration and Justice, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Jillian Ooi Lean Sim
Department of Geography, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Haris Bin Abd Wahab
Department of Social Administration and Justice, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Mohana Dass Ramasamy
Department of Indian Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Ma Tin Cho Mar @ Noorjahan Bi Bi
Department of South East Asian Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Asbah Binti Razali
Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Azharudin Bin Mohamed Dali
Department of History, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Hasmah Binti Zanuddin
Department of Media Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]

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    Editorial Note

    Editorial Dr. Lakshmi Narayanan

    Editor-in-Chief
    Dr. Lakshmi Narayanan
    Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Oman
    [email protected]
    Editorial Advisory Board
    Dr. Mashitah Binti Hamidi
    Department of Social Administration and Justice, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Jillian Ooi Lean Sim
    Department of Geography, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Haris Bin Abd Wahab
    Department of Social Administration and Justice, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Mohana Dass Ramasamy
    Department of Indian Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Ma Tin Cho Mar @ Noorjahan Bi Bi
    Department of South East Asian Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Asbah Binti Razali
    Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Azharudin Bin Mohamed Dali
    Department of History, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Hasmah Binti Zanuddin
    Department of Media Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]

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