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Home»Articles»Grey-Water Treatment and Reuse: A Review

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Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology (AJSAT)

Editor Dr. Balaji Ramachandran
Print ISSN : 2249 - 0698
Frequency : Half-yearly

Grey-Water Treatment and Reuse: A Review

Author : R. Prashanna Rangan and K. Heenalisha
Volume 8 No.1 January-June 2019 pp 5-9

Abstract

Globalization as well as Rapid industrialization had made an evil impact and led to the over usage of water, since it has been raised drastically in the last decade. This increase in water demand has led to a situation at which humans find difficulty in availing the water for their needs. There has been a great technological research been conducted on waste water recycling methods. Grey-water is a form of waste water, consisting of kitchen water, bathrooms, dish and cloth washers. Reusing of Grey-water has become a better choice, but since the amount of dissolved contents are unknown, it is mandatory to recycle before reuse. Since Grey-water is less in organic and BOD content and free from faecal matter for reproduction of bacteria, it could be recycled easily by adapting various techniques. The recycled water may be used for many regenerative purposes, say irrigating the agricultural lands, toilet flushings, home garden watering, etc. this paper aims in revolving the possible techniques that can be utilized for recycling the grey-water.

Keywords

Grey-Water Recycling, Waste Water Control, Reuse Techniques, Water Scarcity, Urbanization, Treatment Technologies, Water Sustainability

Full Text:

References

[1] Karnapa Ajit, “A Review on Grey Water Treatment and Reuse”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 2665-2668, May. 2016.
[2] Esther S. Parish, Evan Kodra, Karsten Steinhaeuser, and Auroop R. Ganguly, “Estimating future global per capita water availability based on changes in climate and population”, Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 42, pp-79-86, Feb.2012.
[3] P. M. Parameshwara Murthy, B. M. Sadashiva Murthy, and S. Kavya, “Greywater Treatment & Reuse: A Technological Review”, Global Journal for Research Analysis, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 408-410, Mar. 2016.
[4] M. D. Nirmala, K. Muthukumar, and G. Ravikumar, “Review of Greywater Treatment Methods”, International Conference on Current Research in Engineering Science and Technology, pp. 76-94, 2016.
[5] Lina Abu Ghunmi, Grietje Zeeman, Manar Fayyad, and Jules B. Van Lier, “Grey Water Treatment Systems: A Review”, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 41, pp. 657-698, Mar. 2011.
[6] Aarhas University, Worldwide water shortage by 2040, Science Daily, Jul. 2014.
[7] Sara Moslemi Zadeh, V. L. Dexter, Hunt, D. Rachel Lombardi and Christopher. D. F. Rogers, “Shared Urban Grey water Recycling Systems: Water Resource Savings and Economic Investment”, Sustainability, Vol. 5, pp. 2887-2912, Jul. 2013.
[8] Narges Shamabadi, Hasan Bakhtiari, Nafise Kochakian and Mahmood Farahani, “The Investigation and Designing of an Onsite Grey Water Treatment Systems at Hazrat-e-Masoumeh University, Qom, IRAN”, Energy Procedia, Vol. 74, pp. 1337-1346, Oct. 2015.
[9] Water reuse guidance manual factsheet, USEPA, 2012.
[10] Amr M. Abdel-Kader, “Studying the efficiency of grey water treatment by using rotating biological contactors system”, Journal of King Saud University – Engineering Sciences, Vol. 25, pp. 89-95, May. 2013.
[11] J. Laaffat, F. Aziz, N. Ouazzani, and L. Mandi, “Biotechnological approach of grey water treatment and reuse for landscape irrigation in small communities”, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, pp. 1-8, Jan. 2017.
[12] Anwaruddin Ahmed Wurochekke, Nurul Azma Harun, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, and Amir Hashim Bin Mohd. Kassim, “Constructed Wetland of Lepironia Articulata for Household Grey water Treatment”, Science Direct, Vol. 10, pp. 103-109, Feb. 2014.
[13] Robert. I. McDonald, Pamela Green, Deborah Balk, Balazs M. Fekete, Carmen Revenga, Megan Todd, and Mark Montgomery, “Urban growth, climate change, and freshwater availability”, PNAS, Vol. 108, No. 15, pp. 6312-6317, Feb. 2011.
[14] Othman A. Al-Mashaqbeh, Ayoup M. Ghrair, and Sharon B. Megdal, “Grey Water Reuse for Agricultural Purposes in the Jordan Valley: Household Survey Results in Deir Alla”, Water, Vol. 4, pp. 580-596, 2012.
[15] Charles P. Gerba, Timothy M. Straub, Joan B. Rose, Martin M. Karpiscak, Kennith E. Foster, and Richard G. Brittain, “Quality Study of Gray water Treatment Systems”, Journal of American Water resources Association, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 109-116, 1995.
[16] Alison Wood, Michael Blackhurst, Troy Hawkins, Xiaobo Xue, Nicholas Ashbolt, and Jay Garland, “Cost-effectiveness of nitrogen mitigation by alternative household wastewater management technologies”, Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 150, pp. 344-354, Jan. 2015.
[17] Krupa Naik, Riddhi Shah, and Priya Jain, “Analysis, Reuse and Recycling of Grey Water”, Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering, pp. 128-133, Mar. 2016.
[18] K. Hyde, M. J. Smith, and K. Adeyeye, “Developments in the quality of treated grey water supplies for buildings, and associated user perception and acceptance”, International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Vol. 12, pp. 136–140, Feb. 2016.
[19] Martina Rysulova, Daniela Kaposztasova, and Zuzana Vranayova, “Green Walls as an Approach in Grey Water Treatment”, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 245, pp. 1-4, Jul. 2017.
[20] Eric. W. Cato, PE, Junshan Liu, and Bruce. W. Smith, “Grey water Recycling Systems: Can These Systems Gain Public Support?” 48th ASC Annual International Conference Proceedings, 2012.
[21] M. Pidou, F. A. Memon, T. Stephenson, B. Jefferson, and P. Jeffrey, “Grey water recycling: treatment options and applications”, Engineering Sustainability, Vol. 60, pp. 119-131, Jul. 2007.
[22] Kamal Rana, Mitali Shah, and Amita Upadhyay, “Integrated Approach towards Grey Water Management”, International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology, Vol. 3, No.1, pp. 239-242, Jan. 2014.

AJSAT is covering all aspects of Science and Applied Technology areas. Topics include, but are not limited to:

Chemistry
Physics
Astronomy
Earth Science
Environmental Science
Biology
Computer Science
Mathematics
Statistics
Systems Science

Globalization as well as Rapid industrialization had made an evil impact and led to the over usage of water, since it has been raised drastically in the last decade. This increase in water demand has led to a situation at which humans find difficulty in availing the water for their needs. There has been a great technological research been conducted on waste water recycling methods. Grey-water is a form of waste water, consisting of kitchen water, bathrooms, dish and cloth washers. Reusing of Grey-water has become a better choice, but since the amount of dissolved contents are unknown, it is mandatory to recycle before reuse. Since Grey-water is less in organic and BOD content and free from faecal matter for reproduction of bacteria, it could be recycled easily by adapting various techniques. The recycled water may be used for many regenerative purposes, say irrigating the agricultural lands, toilet flushings, home garden watering, etc. this paper aims in revolving the possible techniques that can be utilized for recycling the grey-water.

Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Balaji Ramachandran
Department of Applied Sciences, Nicholls State University, Louisiana, United States
[email protected]
Editorial Advisory Board
Dr. Maamar Benkraouda
Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
[email protected]
Dr. Rasheed Al Hammadi
Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
[email protected]
Dr. Dimitrios P. Nikolelis
Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Greece
[email protected]
Dr. Fauziah Binti Shahul Hamid
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Karni S Moshal
Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
[email protected]
Dr. Koh You Beng
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Lim Sok Li
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Ramesh Kasi
Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Jasmine Elanie Binti Khairat
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Nur Airina Binti Muhamad
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Amizah Malip
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Azzuliani Binti Supangat
Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Prof. Mohamed Toutounji
Professor, Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
[email protected]
Dr. Mohd Azmi Haron
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Prof. Noordini Mohamad Salleh
Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Ibrahim Bin Mohamed
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Halijah Ibrahim
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. S. Chandra Kishore
Assistant Professor, University of Information Science and Technology,
“St. Paul The Apostle”, Macedonia, Greece
[email protected]
Dr. Salah Nasri
Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
[email protected]
Dr. Dharini Pathmanathan
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]

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    Editorial Note

    Editorial Dr. Balaji Ramachandran

    Editor-in-Chief
    Dr. Balaji Ramachandran
    Department of Applied Sciences, Nicholls State University, Louisiana, United States
    [email protected]
    Editorial Advisory Board
    Dr. Maamar Benkraouda
    Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
    [email protected]
    Dr. Rasheed Al Hammadi
    Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
    [email protected]
    Dr. Dimitrios P. Nikolelis
    Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Greece
    [email protected]
    Dr. Fauziah Binti Shahul Hamid
    Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Karni S Moshal
    Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
    [email protected]
    Dr. Koh You Beng
    Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Lim Sok Li
    Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Ramesh Kasi
    Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Jasmine Elanie Binti Khairat
    Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Nur Airina Binti Muhamad
    Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Amizah Malip
    Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Azzuliani Binti Supangat
    Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Prof. Mohamed Toutounji
    Professor, Department of Chemistry, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
    [email protected]
    Dr. Mohd Azmi Haron
    Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Prof. Noordini Mohamad Salleh
    Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Ibrahim Bin Mohamed
    Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Halijah Ibrahim
    Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. S. Chandra Kishore
    Assistant Professor, University of Information Science and Technology,
    “St. Paul The Apostle”, Macedonia, Greece
    [email protected]
    Dr. Salah Nasri
    Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, UAE
    [email protected]
    Dr. Dharini Pathmanathan
    Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]

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