Growth and Studies of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals Doped With Picric Acid
Author : T.Manju and P.SelvarajanVolume 7 No.1 January-June 2018 pp 53-58
Abstract
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal has been doped with picric acid to alter its physical and chemical properties. Picric acid doped KDP salt was synthesized by adding 2 mole% of picric acid into the aqueous solution of KDP. Using the synthesized salt of picric acid doped KDP and double distilled water, single crystals were grown by solution method with slow evaporation technique. The grown single crystal was subjected to XRD method to find the crystal structure. The functional groups of the sample were found by FTIR method. The elements in the picric acid doped KDP crystal were identified by EDAX and CHN analyses. SHG studies of the sample were done to check the second order NLO property. Dielectric studies for picric acid doped KDP crystal were carried out using a multi-frequency LCR meter. Thermal stability of the sample was found by TG/DTA studies. The microhardness of the sample was also measured at different applied low loads and the results obtained from the various studies are discussed.
Keywords
KDP,Doping, Single Crystal, Solution Growth, Characterization, XRD, FTIR, EDAX, NLO, Dielectrics, Thermal Stability, Microhardness
References
[1] I. Pritula, A. Kosinova, M. Kolybayeva, V. Puzikov, S. Bondarenko,V. Tkachenko, V.Tsurikov and O. Fesenko, “Optical, Structural and Microhardness Properties of KDP Crystals Grown from Urea-Doped Solutions”, Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 43, pp. 2778–2789, 2008.
[2] N. Zaitseva and L. Carman, “Rapid Growth of KDP-Type Crystals”, Prog. Cryst. Growth Char. Mater., Vol. 43, pp.1-118, 2001.
[3] Masahiro Nakatsuka, Kana Fujioka, Tadashi Kanabe andHisa-nori Fujita,“RapidGrowth Over 50 mm/day of Water-Soluble KDP
Crystal”, J. Crystal Growth, Vol. 171, pp. 531-537, 1997.
[4] Y.N. Velikhov, I.M. Pritula, V.I. Salo and M.I. Kolybaeva, “KDP Crystals –Characterization”, Inorg. Mater, Vol.36, pp.734, 2000.
[5] H. Miki, R. Fukunaga, Y. Asakuma, K. Maeda and K. Fukui, “Distribution of Dye into KDP Crystals in a Continuous MSMPR
Crystallizer”, J. Sep. Purif. Technol., Vol. 43, pp. 77-83, 2005. [6] Yu. Velikhov, I. Pritula, I. Ganina , M. Kolybayeva, V. Puzikov and
A. N. Levchenko, “Growth and Properties of Dye Doped KDP
Crystals”, Cryst. Res. Technol., Vol. 42, pp.27-33, 2007.[7] N.P. Rajesh, V. Kannan, P.SanthanaRaghavan, P. Ramasamy and C.W. Lan, “Optical and Microhardness Studies of KDP Crystals Grown from Aqueous Solutions of Organic Additives”, Mater. Lett., Vol. 52, pp.326-328, 2002.
[8] Y. Enqvist, J. Partanen, M. Louhi-Kultanen and J. Kallas,“Thermodynamics and Kinetics of KDP Crystal Growth from Binary and Ternary Solutions”, Chem. Eng. Res. Design, Vol. 81, pp. 1354-1362, 2003.
[9] I.V. Shnaidshtein, B.A. Strukov, S.V. Grabovskii, T.V. Pavlovskaya and L. Carman, “Effect of an Organic Dye onthe Ferroelectric Phase Transition in KH2PO4 (KDP)”, Phys. Solid State, Vol. 43, pp. 2276-2279, 2001.
[10] S.V. Grabovskii, I.V. Shnaidshtein and B.A. Strukov,“Effect of Organic Dyes on Dielectric Properties of KDPCrystals”, Phys. Solid State, Vol. 45, pp. 547-552, 2003.
[11] S.V. Grabovskii, I. V. Shnaidshtein and B.A. Strukov, “DielectricProperties of Rapidly Grown KDP Crystals”, Crystallography Reports, Vol.48, pp. 322–325, 2003.
[12] J. Podder, “The Study of Impurities Effect on the Growth and Nucleation Kinetics of KDP”, J. Crystal Growth, Vol.237, pp. 70-75, 2002.
[13] S. Hirota, H. Miki, K. Fukui and K. Maeda, “Material Characterization of KDP Crystals”, J. Crystal Growth, Vol. 235, pp. 41-545, 2002.
[14] P.G. Farrell, F. Terrier and R. Schaal, “The Effects of Solvation upon the Acidities of Nitroaromatics”, Tetrahedron Lett.,Vol.26, pp.2435-2438,1985.
[15] T.Dhanabal, G. Amirthaganesan, M. Dhandapani and Samar K Das, “Synthesis, Structure, Thermal and NLO Characterization of 4-hydroxy Tetramethylpiperazinium Picrate Crystals”,J.Chem. Sci., Vol.124, pp. 951-96, 2012.
[16] T. Uma Devi, N. Lawrence, R. Ramesh Babu and K. Ramamurthi,“Growth and characterization of Glycine Picrate Single Crystal”,J.Crystal Growth, Vol. 310, pp. 116–123,2008.
[17] Mohd.Shkir, B. Riscob and G. Bhagavannarayana, “Synthesis, Growth, Structural, Spectroscopic, Crystalline Perfection, Second Harmonic Generation and Thermal Studies of 2-Aminopyridinium Picrate: A New Nonlinear Optical Material”, Solid State Sciences, Vol.14, pp. 773-776, 2012.
[18] S. Anandhi, T. S. Shyju, T.P.Srinivasan andR.Gopalakrishnan, “Investigaitons on Growth and Characterization of Imidazoloium Picrate: An Organic Salt”, J.Crystal Growth, Vol.335, pp.75–83, 2011.
[19] M.Fleck, V.V.Ghazaryan and A.M.Petrosyan, “-alaninium picrate: A new salt with di–alanimiumdimericcation”, J. Molecular Structure, Vol. 1019, pp. 91-96, 2012.
[20] D. Shanthi, P. Selvarajan, S. Perumal, Growth, linear optical constants and photoluminescence characteristics of beta-alaninium picrate(BAP) crystals, Optik, Vol. 127, pp. 3192-3199, 2016.
[21] W.L. Liu, H.R. Xia, X.Q. Wang, Z.C. Ling, D.G. Ran, J. Xu, Y.L. Wei, Y.K. Liu, S.Q. Sun and H. Han,“Characterization of Deutrated Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Single Crystals Grown by Circulating Method”, J. Crystal Growth,Vol. 293, pp. 387-393, 2006.
[22] S. S. Hussaini, N. R. Dhumane, G. Rabbani, P. Karmuse, V. G. Dongre and M. D. Shirsat, “Growth and High Frequency Dielectric Study of Pure and Thiourea Doped KDP Crystals”, Cryst. Res. Technol.,Vol. 42, pp. 1110-1116, 2007.
[23] K. Boopathi and P. Ramasamy, “Effect of L-tyrosine on Solubility, Growth, Structural, Optical, SHG, Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of KDP Single Crystals”, Opt. Mater., Vol. 37, pp. 629-634, 2014.
[24] J. West, “Kristallgeometrie”, Kristall Phys. and Kristallchem., Z. Kristallogr., Vol.74, pp.306, 1930.
[25] T. H.Freeda and C.Mahadevan, “Lattice Variation and Themal Parameters of Gel Grown KDP Crystals added with some Ammonium Compounds”, Pramana-Journal of Physics, Vol.57, pp. 829-836, 2001.
[26] T.Gurumurthi and P.Murugakoothan, “Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of Nonlinear Optical Ce-doped L-Prolinium Picrate Single Crystals”, Asian J. Chem., Vol.26, pp. 5003-5007, 2014.
[27] T. Manju and P. Selvarajan, “Nucleation Kinetics, Metastable Zone Width and Characterization of Ferric Sulfate Doped KDP Crystals Grown by Slow Evaporation Technique”, Int. J. Curr. Res. Modern Edu., Vol. 3, pp. 523-533, 2018.
[28]C.Burfoot Jack and W. George Taylor, “ Polar Dielectric and their Applications”, The MacmillanPress, London, pp.157-178,1979.
[29] B.Tareev, “Physics of Dielectric Materials”, Mir Publishers, Moscow, pp.76-135,1979.
[30] B.Want, F. Ahmad and P.N. Kotru, “Dielectric and Thermal Behavior of Holminum Tartrate Trihydrate Crystals”, Cryst. Res. Technol., Vol. 42, pp. 822 – 828, 2007.
[31] S. K. Kurtz and T.T. Perry, “A Powder Technique for the Evaluation of Nonlinear Optical Materials”, J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 39, pp. 3798-3813, 1968.