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Home»Articles»Transient Effect of Blast Loads on RCC Building

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The Asian Review of Civil Engineering (TARCE)

Editor Prof. Francesco Colangelo
Print ISSN : 2249 - 6203
Frequency : Half-Yearly

Transient Effect of Blast Loads on RCC Building

Author : Rishabh Joshi and P. R. Maiti
Volume 8 No.1 January-June 2019 pp 9-19

Abstract

The increase in the number of terrorist attacks has shown that the effect of blast loading on structures is a serious matter that should be taken into consideration in the design process. The blast pressure on the structure due to nearby explosion is of very high magnitude and very short duration. Such an impulsive loading requires dynamic time-history analysis. This paper describes the nature of explosion of explosive materials and dynamic pressure developed on the nearby structure in lieu of explosion. Initially, efforts have been made to determine the effect of 1000 kg of C4 explosive material as an equivalent weight of TNT on different surfaces of a building model at a stand-off distance of 22.5m. The intensity of blast load on each surface is analytically determined as a record of pressure time history. Further attempts have been made to determine the effect of distance of blast for the same explosive material on building surfaces at stand-off distance of 10m, 18.5m, 22.5m and 27m. The effect of different explosives, i.e., TNT, C4, RDX and PETN on building surfaces at constant stand-off distance of 22.5m has also been determined. From the analysis, it is observed that the effect of blast load on front and rear surface of the building is critical. For close range explosions, deformations on front surface are more but with increase in stand-off distance, maximum deformations occur in roof surface.

Keywords

Blast Loads, Pressure-Time History, TNT, Stand-Off Distance, Heat of Detonation, Surface Bursts

Full Text:

References

[1] H. Draganic, and V. Sigmund, “Blast Loading on Structures”, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 1330-3651, July 2012.
[2] V. Karlos, and G. Solomos, “Calculation of Blast Loads for Application to Structural Components”, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen, 2013.
[3] T. Ngo, P. Mendis, A. Gupta and J. Ramsay, “Blast Loading and Blast Effects on Structures”, EJSE Special Issue: Loading on Structures, 2007.
[4] M. Priyanka, and N. Munirudrappa, “Blast Loading and its Effects on Structures”, PG Dissertaion, DayanandaSagar College of Engineering, K.S. Layout, Bengaluru, 2013.
[5] H. L. Brode, “Numerical solution of spherical blast waves”, Journal of Applied Physics., American Institute of Physics, New York, 1955.
[6] N. M. Newmark, R. J. Hansen, “Design of blast resistant structures”, Shock and Vibration Handbook., Vol. 3, Eds. Harris &Crede, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961.
[7] C. A. Mills, “The design of concrete structures to resist explosions and weapon effects”, Proceedings of the 1st Int. Conference on concrete for hazard protections, Edinburgh, UK, 1987.
[8] A. Goyal, “Blast Resistant Design: Critical issues”, Proceedings of the sixth structural engineering convection, IPXI, pp. 1-10, Dec 2008.
[9] P. Esper, “Investigation of damage to buildings under blast loading and recommended protection measures”, 9th International Structural Engineering Conference, Abu Dhabi, November 2003.
[10] Q. Kashif, M. B. Varma, “Effect of Blast on G+4 RCC frame structure”, Intl. Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 11, pp. 2250-2459, Nov 2014.
[11] X. Cheng, W. Jing, and Jiexuan, “Dynamic Response of Concrete Frame Structure under a Blasting Demolition Environment”, School Of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, EJGE, Vol. 19, Lanzhou, China, 2014.
[12] U. Jamakhandi, and S. B. Vanakudre, “Design and Analysis of Blast Load on Structures”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 2395-0072, October 2015.

The Asian Review of Civil Engineering (TARCE) is a half-yearly international peer-reviewed journal of Civil Engineering. One of the objectives of this journal is to disseminate knowledge on various research issues connected with the topics include, but are not limited to:

Coastal engineering
Construction engineering
Earthquake engineering
Environmental engineering
Geotechnical engineering
Water resources engineering
Materials engineering
Structural engineering
Surveying
Transportation engineering
Municipal or urban engineering

The increase in the number of terrorist attacks has shown that the effect of blast loading on structures is a serious matter that should be taken into consideration in the design process. The blast pressure on the structure due to nearby explosion is of very high magnitude and very short duration. Such an impulsive loading requires dynamic time-history analysis. This paper describes the nature of explosion of explosive materials and dynamic pressure developed on the nearby structure in lieu of explosion. Initially, efforts have been made to determine the effect of 1000 kg of C4 explosive material as an equivalent weight of TNT on different surfaces of a building model at a stand-off distance of 22.5m. The intensity of blast load on each surface is analytically determined as a record of pressure time history. Further attempts have been made to determine the effect of distance of blast for the same explosive material on building surfaces at stand-off distance of 10m, 18.5m, 22.5m and 27m. The effect of different explosives, i.e., TNT, C4, RDX and PETN on building surfaces at constant stand-off distance of 22.5m has also been determined. From the analysis, it is observed that the effect of blast load on front and rear surface of the building is critical. For close range explosions, deformations on front surface are more but with increase in stand-off distance, maximum deformations occur in roof surface.

Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Francesco Colangelo
Department of Engineering, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Italy
[email protected]
Editorial Advisory Board
Dr. Suhana Binti Koting
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam
Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Prof. Sr Mokhtar Azizi Bin Mohd Din
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]
Prof. N. Anuja
Department of Civil Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India
[email protected]
Dr. Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Johan Bin Sohaili
Department of Civil Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Norhisham Bin Bakhary
Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Sitti Asmah Hassan
Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Libriati Binti Zardasti
Department of Structures and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Zaiton Haron
Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Rini Asnida Abdullah
Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Mohd Razman bin Salim
Department of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Norhidayah Abdul Hassan
Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
[email protected]
Dr. Yuen Choon Wah
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
[email protected]

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    Editorial Note

    Editorial Prof. Francesco Colangelo

    Editor-in-Chief
    Prof. Francesco Colangelo
    Department of Engineering, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Italy
    [email protected]
    Editorial Advisory Board
    Dr. Suhana Binti Koting
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam
    Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Prof. Sr Mokhtar Azizi Bin Mohd Din
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Prof. N. Anuja
    Department of Civil Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India
    [email protected]
    Dr. Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
    Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Johan Bin Sohaili
    Department of Civil Engineering , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Norhisham Bin Bakhary
    Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Sitti Asmah Hassan
    Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Libriati Binti Zardasti
    Department of Structures and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Nor Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
    Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Zaiton Haron
    Department of Structure and Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Rini Asnida Abdullah
    Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Mohd Razman bin Salim
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Norhidayah Abdul Hassan
    Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
    [email protected]
    Dr. Yuen Choon Wah
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
    [email protected]

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